تحديات الترجمة عبر الذكاء الاصطناعي في نقل الخطاب العقدي والفقهي دراسة تحليلية نقدية

Abstract (English)

In light of the rapid development and advancement in "Artificial Intelligence" technologies, among them, the field of machine translation,which has extended to include religious texts such as the Qur’an and Hadith, a significant issue arises that merits in-depth study and research. The comprehensive use of translation tools for these texts gives rise to scientific and practical problems that significantly impact the understanding of doctrinal and jurisprudential texts. This is due to the particular nature of these texts, including their specialized terminology, multiple layers of meaning, and their connection to the legal-religious context, elements that such "intelligent" tools are unable to fully grasp. Accordingly, this research seeks to analyze the effects of machine translation when applied to doctrinal and jurisprudential texts, particularly in translating from Arabic into other languages. It raises the following central question: What are the problems associated with AI-based translation of doctrinal and jurisprudential texts, and how do they affect the correct understanding of these texts? The research addresses this issue using a descriptive, analytical, and critical methodology. It outlines the particular characteristics of the Arabic language, especially the language of Islamic law and the meanings of its terms, and analyzes real examples of machine translations. These are compared to accurate concepts in Islamic law to reveal the shortcomings of such translations and the dangers they pose to sound religious understanding, particularly for non-specialists and non-Arabic speakers. The study concludes that semantic gaps and conceptual errors exist in machine translations, which disrupt the accurate transmission of Islamic beliefs and legal rulings. It recommends avoiding literal machine translation of religious texts and adopting approaches that ensure safe and precise conveyance of the meanings of Islamic texts into other languages. This would ensure the clear, unaltered transmission of religious concepts, both doctrinal and legal, to non-Arabic speakers. This is vital, as conveying Islamic law is a great trust that must be fulfilled in its true form. Anyone who neglects this responsibility and relies solely on what these technologies offer without adhering to proper Islamic guidelines may cause more harm than good. Such an approach would fail to achieve the intended goal of religious text translation, which is to spread benefit and guidance, and may even contribute to the distortion of Islamic teachings, which is a grave danger.